AI data centers in the US: map, campuses and who uses them
We list 77 large AI data centers in the US, and 19 more abroad. Of the US ones, 60 are operating, with 12,640 MW for the computers, and 17 are not yet operating. Texas has the most: 14. 36 have a named user. Search a ZIP code to see the nearest on the map.
© OpenStreetMap contributors · Addresses: Photon
Your location stays on your device.
What the marks mean
Operating: a large AI campus that is running today. As of Nov 7, 2026.
Not yet operating: a large AI campus that is being planned or built.
45 more are placed only to a county or have no map point; they're in the lists below.
The map marks 32 campuses placed at a street address.
What does a megawatt mean?
12,640 MW is about the average use of 11 million homes.
1,037 MW is about the average use of 870,000 homes.
A megawatt (MW) measures how much power a site is built to handle at one time. Think of the size of a pipe, not the water that flows through it over a year.
1,000 MW is one gigawatt (GW).
The homes number is a site running at full power all year, beside what an average US home uses in a year.
An average US home used 10,491 kWh in 2025 (EIA).
Which are the largest AI data centers?
How to read this chart
Each bar has two parts. The list is in order of the dark part, the big number. The dark part is the power the computer rooms are built for. The light part is the extra power for cooling and the building.
Is it an efficiency measure? Yes, in a way. For every 1 MW of computer capacity, a whole site is built for about 1.3 MW. That is the facility to IT capacity ratio, from Epoch AI's two figures for each site.
Engineers track a close cousin called PUE. It compares the energy a site actually uses with the energy its computers use.
The small number is the whole site. For Anthropic-Amazon New Carlisle: 1,037 MW for the computers + 207 MW for cooling and the building = 1,244 MW in all.
Epoch AI, a research group, makes these estimates from satellite photos, permits and company news. They can be off by a fair amount.
Anthropic-Amazon New Carlisle, in Indiana, is the biggest running today: 1,037 MW for its computers.
Show all 20Show fewer
Microsoft Fairwater Wisconsin should be the biggest when finished: about 2,263 MW for its computers at full size, expected by May 2028.
Show all 20Show fewer
For the computersFor cooling and the building
Table
| Campus | Computers now, MW | Whole site now, MW | Computers when finished, MW |
|---|---|---|---|
| Microsoft Fairwater Wisconsin | 369 | 442 | 2,263, expected at full size by May 2028 |
| Anthropic-Amazon New Carlisle | 1,037 | 1,244 | 1,925, expected at full size by Mar 2028 |
| OpenAI Stargate New Mexico | – | – | 1,750, expected at full size by Dec 2028 |
| Meta Hyperion | – | – | 1,632, expected at full size by Jan 2028 |
| Colossus 2 | 946 | 1,276 | 1,531, expected at full size by Feb 2027 |
| OpenAI Stargate Shackelford | – | – | 1,400, expected at full size by Nov 2028 |
| QTS Cedar Rapids | – | – | 1,133, expected at full size by Nov 2027 |
| Meta Prometheus | 471 | 612 | 1,022, expected at full size by Jul 2028 |
| Goodnight | – | – | 1,006, expected at full size by Oct 2027 |
| OpenAI Stargate UAE | – | – | 1,000, expected at full size by Jan 2028 |
| OpenAI Stargate Michigan | – | – | 988, expected at full size by Dec 2028 |
| OpenAI Stargate Wisconsin | – | – | 902, expected at full size by Dec 2028 |
| Google Fort Wayne | – | – | 863, expected at full size by Jun 2028 |
| OpenAI Stargate Milam | – | – | 857, expected at full size by Dec 2028 |
| Amazon Ridgeland | 228 | 273 | 840, expected at full size by Sep 2028 |
| OpenAI Stargate Abilene | 824 | 1,154 | – |
| VNET Bayin Ulanqab | 221 | 252 | 700, expected at full size by Sep 2027 |
| Amazon Madison Mega Site | 284 | 341 | 683, expected at full size by Mar 2028 |
| Crusoe Abilene Expansion | – | – | 672, expected at full size by Nov 2027 |
| Microsoft Fairwater Atlanta | 636 | 859 | – |
Where are Stargate, Colossus, Hyperion and Project Rainier?
Stargate has 8 sites; the one running is in Abilene, Texas. Colossus 1 and 2 are in Shelby County, Tennessee. Hyperion is in Richland Parish, Louisiana. Project Rainier is in New Carlisle, Indiana.
- Stargate data centers8 sites: 1 running, 7 not yet operating824 MW now → 7,935 MW expected at full size, Dec 2028
- xAI Colossus 1 and 22 campuses in Shelby County, Tennessee, both operating1,286 MW now → 1,871 MW expected at full size, Feb 2027
- Meta HyperionNot yet operating, expected first online Jan 20281,632 MW expected at full size, Jan 2028
- Meta's AI data centers15 campuses: 13 operating, 2 not yet operating2,155 MW now → 5,120 MW expected at full size, Jul 2028
Project Rainier, New Carlisle, Indiana
Listed by Epoch AI as Anthropic-Amazon New Carlisle1,037 MW now → 1,925 MW expected at full size, Mar 2028More about Project Rainier
Project Rainier is Amazon's AI campus in New Carlisle, St. Joseph County, Indiana, and Anthropic uses it. It is operating, with 1,037 MW for its computers, the most of any US AI campus. It should reach 1,925 MW at full size, by Mar 2028. 3 more Amazon campuses may be part of it.
Microsoft Fairwater, Mount Pleasant, Wisconsin
369 MW now → 2,263 MW expected at full size, May 2028More about Microsoft Fairwater
Microsoft Fairwater is Microsoft's AI campus in Mount Pleasant, Racine County, Wisconsin. It is operating, with 369 MW for its computers. It should reach 2,263 MW at full size, by May 2028, the most planned at any US campus. OpenAI likely uses it. A second Fairwater campus runs in Fayetteville, Georgia, near Atlanta, with 636 MW.
Meta Prometheus, New Albany, Ohio
471 MW now → 1,022 MW expected at full size, Jul 2028More about Meta Prometheus
Meta Prometheus is Meta's AI campus in New Albany, Ohio. It is operating, with 471 MW for its computers, the most of any Meta campus. It should reach 1,022 MW at full size, by Jul 2028. Meta's other AI campuses are on Meta's AI data centers page.
Meta Eagle Mountain data center, Utah
133 MW nowMore about Meta Eagle Mountain data center
The Meta Eagle Mountain data center is in Utah County, Utah. It is operating, with 133 MW for its computers and 179 MW for the whole site. QTS Eagle Mountain, in the same county and not yet operating, is a campus Meta may use.
Who owns and who uses AI data centers?
Owners and users
An owner builds or holds a campus. A user runs its AI work there.
Owners show at Epoch AI's "confident" tag or with no tag; users at "confident" or "likely". A campus can have several users.
Google owns the most US campuses: 18. It also has the most computer power running: 3,091 MW.
Owners, by computer power running
Show all 12 ownersShow fewer
Users
| Used by | Campuses | Confident | Likely |
|---|---|---|---|
| Meta | 16 | 15 | 1 |
| OpenAI | 11 | 7 | 4 |
| Anthropic | 5 | 4 | 1 |
| Microsoft | 5 | 1 | 4 |
| SpaceXAI | 2 | 2 | – |
Show all 7 usersShow fewer
| Used by | Campuses | Confident | Likely |
|---|---|---|---|
| Cursor | 1 | 1 | – |
| G42 | 1 | – | 1 |
Which AI data centers are not yet operating?
Not yet operating
Not yet operating means the site is still being built or planned. Its computers are not running yet. The year shown is when Epoch AI expects them to start.
First online is the month Epoch AI expects the first computers to switch on. Full size is the month it expects the whole campus to be built. Dates can slip.
20 campuses are not yet operating, 17 of them in the US. The first 8 should first come online in Dec 2026. Of the 17 in the US, 6 should first come online by the end of 2026, 6 in 2027 and 5 in 2028.
- OpenAI Stargate New MexicoDoña Ana County, New Mexico · Oracle · expected first online Dec 2028 · expected full size Dec 20281,750 MW
- Meta HyperionRichland Parish, Louisiana · Meta · expected first online Jan 2028 · expected full size Jan 20281,632 MW
- OpenAI Stargate ShackelfordShackelford County, Texas · Oracle · expected first online Aug 2027 · expected full size Nov 20281,400 MW
- QTS Cedar RapidsCedar Rapids, Iowa · expected first online Dec 2026 · expected full size Nov 20271,133 MW
- GoodnightArmstrong County, Texas · expected first online Mar 2027 · expected full size Oct 20271,006 MW
Show all 20Show fewer
- OpenAI Stargate UAEUnited Arab Emirates · expected first online Dec 2026 · expected full size Jan 20281,000 MW
- OpenAI Stargate MichiganWashtenaw County, Michigan · Oracle · expected first online Dec 2028 · expected full size Dec 2028988 MW
- OpenAI Stargate WisconsinOzaukee County, Wisconsin · Oracle · expected first online Dec 2028 · expected full size Dec 2028902 MW
- Google Fort WayneFort Wayne, Indiana · Google · expected first online Dec 2026 · expected full size Jun 2028863 MW
- OpenAI Stargate MilamMilam County, Texas · Softbank · expected first online Dec 2028 · expected full size Dec 2028857 MW
- Crusoe Abilene ExpansionAbilene, Texas · Microsoft · expected first online Sep 2027 · expected full size Nov 2027672 MW
- Meta Bowling GreenBowling Green, Ohio · Meta · expected first online Feb 2027 · expected full size Jan 2028422 MW
- QTS Eagle MountainUtah County, Utah · expected first online Dec 2026 · expected full size Jul 2027304 MW
- Google Cedar RapidsCedar Rapids, Iowa · Google · expected first online Dec 2026 · expected full size May 2027261 MW
- OpenAI Stargate LordstownLordstown, Ohio · Softbank · expected first online Mar 2027 · expected full size Mar 2027214 MW
- Anthropic Barber LakeMitchell County, Texas · Cipher Mining · expected first online Dec 2026 · expected full size Apr 2027207 MW
- CoreWeave Muskogee OKMuskogee County, Oklahoma · CoreWeave · expected first online Dec 2026 · expected full size Dec 2027153 MW
- CoreWeave Lancaster Greenfield siteLancaster, Pennsylvania · CoreWeave · expected first online Jun 2027 · expected full size Jun 202792 MW
- Microsoft Narvik NorwayNorway · expected first online Dec 2026 · expected full size Dec 202692 MW
- EcoDataCenter 2Sweden · Mistral AI · expected first online Jun 2027 · expected full size Jun 202848 MW
Expected first onlineBuilding to full size
Which states have the most AI data centers?
Running now and when finished
Running now adds up the sites running today in a state. When finished adds the power expected once each site there is done.
Texas has the most: 14 of the 77 US campuses. It also has the most computer power running: 1,730 MW.
Texas14 campuses, 9 running1,730 MW
When finished: about 6,460 MW for the computers. Texas data centers
OpenAI Stargate Abilene
OperatingFor the computers now: 824 MW (whole site 1,154 MW)
Used by OpenAI
Abilene, Texas · Owner: Oracle · Project: Stargate
Campus details
For each 1 MW of computers, the whole site is built for 1.4 MW.
Building cost so far: about $31.2 billion.
Investors: OpenAI, Oracle, Softbank.
Built by: Mortenson.
Energy: American Electric Power.
Epoch AI's note, Nov 2026:
Buildings 7-8 are estimated to be operational.
CoreWeave Denton TX
OperatingFor the computers now: 262 MW (whole site 367 MW)Expected full size May 2027: 282 MW for the computers
Used by OpenAI (likely)
Denton County, Texas · Owner: CoreWeave
Campus details
For each 1 MW of computers, the whole site is built for 1.4 MW.
Building cost so far: about $9.9 billion.
Epoch AI's note, Sep 2026:
Building 8 interior fit-out scheduled to begin.
Meta Temple
OperatingFor the computers now: 178 MW (whole site 231 MW)
Used by Meta
Bell County, Texas · Owner: Meta
Campus details
For each 1 MW of computers, the whole site is built for 1.3 MW.
Building cost so far: about $6.7 billion.
Built by: JE Dunn.
Epoch AI's note, Sep 2026:
Building 3 is operational.
Coreweave Helios
OperatingFor the computers now: 132 MW (whole site 200 MW)Expected full size Jan 2029: 528 MW for the computers
Afton, Texas · Owner: CoreWeave
Campus details
For each 1 MW of computers, the whole site is built for 1.5 MW.
Building cost so far: about $5.0 billion.
OpenAI is a possible user.
Epoch AI's note, Aug 2026:
Building 1 operational at full capacity.
Google Midlothian
OperatingFor the computers now: 103 MW (whole site 123 MW)
Ellis County, Texas · Owner: Google
Campus details
For each 1 MW of computers, the whole site is built for 1.2 MW.
Building cost so far: about $3.9 billion.
Epoch AI's note, Jul 2026:
Estimated full completion of the expanded row of cooling towers and backup generators for Building 1.
Google Red Oak
OperatingFor the computers now: 77 MW (whole site 93 MW)Expected full size Dec 2026: 154 MW for the computers
Red Oak, Texas · Owner: Google
Campus details
For each 1 MW of computers, the whole site is built for 1.2 MW.
Building cost so far: about $2.9 billion.
Epoch AI's note, Feb 2026:
Building 1 appears active - the surrounding land is finished including the site entrance and the parking lot.
Microsoft SAT40
OperatingFor the computers now: 75 MW (whole site 106 MW)
Bexar County, Texas · Owner: Microsoft
Campus details
For each 1 MW of computers, the whole site is built for 1.4 MW.
Building cost so far: about $2.8 billion.
Epoch AI's note, Feb 2026:
Site has already been completed, with no more visible construction on any building.
Microsoft SAT14
OperatingFor the computers now: 47 MW (whole site 66 MW)
San Antonio, Texas · Owner: Microsoft
Campus details
For each 1 MW of computers, the whole site is built for 1.4 MW.
Building cost so far: about $1.8 billion.
Epoch AI's note, Mar 2026:
Building 2 fully operational, Building 1 expanded.
Vantage TX1
OperatingFor the computers now: 32 MW (whole site 45 MW)Expected full size Aug 2027: 128 MW for the computers
San Antonio, Texas · Owner: not listed by Epoch AI
Campus details
For each 1 MW of computers, the whole site is built for 1.4 MW.
Building cost so far: about $1.2 billion.
Epoch AI's note, Feb 2026:
Building 1 operational; Roads around Building 1 complete, all cooling and side generator equipment construction has since finished as well.
OpenAI Stargate Shackelford
Not yet operatingExpected full size Nov 2028: 1,400 MW for the computersExpected first online Aug 2027
Used by OpenAI
Shackelford County, Texas · Owner: Oracle · Project: Stargate
Campus details
For each 1 MW of computers, the whole site is built for 1.4 MW.
Investors: OpenAI, Oracle.
Epoch AI's note, Sep 2026:
Buildings 1-5 shells complete and fully roofed.
Goodnight
Not yet operatingExpected full size Oct 2027: 1,006 MW for the computersExpected first online Mar 2027
Armstrong County, Texas · Owner: not confirmed
Campus details
For each 1 MW of computers, the whole site is built for 1.3 MW.
Built by: Crusoe, Hoffman.
Energy: Serena.
Google DeepMind is a possible user.
Epoch AI's note, Apr 2026:
Progress is made on all buildings, Building 1 and 2 specically have begun to install cooling structures.
OpenAI Stargate Milam
Not yet operatingExpected full size Dec 2028: 857 MW for the computersExpected first online Dec 2028
Used by OpenAI
Milam County, Texas · Owner: Softbank · Project: Stargate
Campus details
For each 1 MW of computers, the whole site is built for 1.4 MW.
Epoch AI's note, Mar 2026:
Steel framing and roofing is underway for Building 1.
Crusoe Abilene Expansion
Not yet operatingExpected full size Nov 2027: 672 MW for the computersExpected first online Sep 2027
Used by Microsoft (likely)
Abilene, Texas · Owner: Microsoft
Campus details
For each 1 MW of computers, the whole site is built for 1.4 MW.
Investors: NVIDIA.
Epoch AI's note, Jan 2026:
Land clearing continues.
Anthropic Barber Lake
Not yet operatingExpected full size Apr 2027: 207 MW for the computersExpected first online Dec 2026
Used by Anthropic
Mitchell County, Texas · Owner: Cipher Mining
Campus details
For each 1 MW of computers, the whole site is built for 1.4 MW.
Epoch AI's note, Jul 2026:
Building 1 shell is complete, with rooftop units installed, and most air-cooled chillers in place in a ground yard to the north.
Ohio7 campuses, 5 running1,457 MW
When finished: about 2,850 MW for the computers. Ohio data centers
Meta Prometheus
OperatingFor the computers now: 471 MW (whole site 612 MW)Expected full size Jul 2028: 1,022 MW for the computers
Used by Meta
New Albany, Ohio · Owner: Meta · Project: Prometheus
Campus details
For each 1 MW of computers, the whole site is built for 1.3 MW.
Building cost so far: about $17.8 billion.
Energy: American Electric Power, Williams.
Epoch AI's note, Aug 2026:
Buildings 7-10 (tents) are operational, based on infrared drone video from RAAD (raad.com) captured on this date.
Google New Albany
OperatingFor the computers now: 333 MW (whole site 400 MW)
New Albany, Ohio · Owner: Google
Campus details
For each 1 MW of computers, the whole site is built for 1.2 MW.
Building cost so far: about $12.6 billion.
Google DeepMind is a possible user.
Epoch AI's note, May 2026:
Building 5 has all cooling towers installed, and all other components look complete, but there is still light work around the building.
Google Columbus
OperatingFor the computers now: 303 MW (whole site 364 MW)Expected full size Jul 2027: 386 MW for the computers
Franklin County, Ohio · Owner: Google
Campus details
For each 1 MW of computers, the whole site is built for 1.2 MW.
Building cost so far: about $11.5 billion.
Google DeepMind is a possible user.
Epoch AI's note, Aug 2026:
Confirmation that Building 4 is complete.
AWS New Albany
OperatingFor the computers now: 213 MW (whole site 255 MW)Expected full size Jul 2027: 338 MW for the computers
Ohio · Owner: Amazon
Campus details
For each 1 MW of computers, the whole site is built for 1.2 MW.
Building cost so far: about $8.1 billion.
Epoch AI's note, May 2026:
Satellite imagery shows Building 1 in the northern campus still appears structurally finished, with no visible change from the prior two months, but we're still not counting it operational due to visible construction work around the perimeter.
Google Lancaster
OperatingFor the computers now: 137 MW (whole site 164 MW)
Lancaster, Ohio · Owner: Google
Campus details
For each 1 MW of computers, the whole site is built for 1.2 MW.
Building cost so far: about $5.2 billion.
Epoch AI's note, Mar 2026:
At this point, Building 1 and 2 have since already been operational.
Meta Bowling Green
Not yet operatingExpected full size Jan 2028: 422 MW for the computersExpected first online Feb 2027
Used by Meta
Bowling Green, Ohio · Owner: Meta
Campus details
For each 1 MW of computers, the whole site is built for 1.4 MW.
Energy: Williams.
Epoch AI's note, Jul 2026:
Roofs of Buildings 1 and 2 are more than halfway complete.
OpenAI Stargate Lordstown
Not yet operatingExpected full size Mar 2027: 214 MW for the computersExpected first online Mar 2027
Used by OpenAI
Lordstown, Ohio · Owner: Softbank · Project: Stargate
Campus details
For each 1 MW of computers, the whole site is built for 1.4 MW.
Epoch AI's note, Jul 2026:
Active construction visible on and around the datacenter, with the roofing mostly in place.
Tennessee3 campuses, 3 running1,373 MW
When finished: about 1,960 MW for the computers. Tennessee data centers
Colossus 2
OperatingFor the computers now: 946 MW (whole site 1,276 MW)Expected full size Feb 2027: 1,531 MW for the computers
Used by Anthropic Cursor SpaceXAI
Memphis, Tennessee · Owner: SpaceXAI
Campus details
For each 1 MW of computers, the whole site is built for 1.3 MW.
Building cost so far: about $35.8 billion.
Epoch AI's note, Jun 2026:
The site is estimated to have at least ~830 MW of GPU server power, with at least "at least 220,000 additional GB300 processors and over 400 additional megawatts of compute power", corresponding to the "next phase of expansion" found in the following company S-1 filing, page 76.
Colossus 1
OperatingFor the computers now: 340 MW (whole site 425 MW)
Used by Anthropic
Shelby County, Tennessee · Owner: SpaceXAI
Campus details
For each 1 MW of computers, the whole site is built for 1.3 MW.
Building cost so far: about $12.9 billion.
Energy: MLGW.
Epoch AI's note, Jun 2026:
No major changes to the data center since February.
Meta Gallatin
OperatingFor the computers now: 87 MW (whole site 114 MW)
Used by Meta
Sumner County, Tennessee · Owner: Meta
Campus details
For each 1 MW of computers, the whole site is built for 1.3 MW.
Building cost so far: about $3.3 billion.
Epoch AI's note, Aug 2026:
Building 1 is operational, based on a lack of construction activity around the shell and cooling equipment, and about 6 months passing after structural completion.
Indiana3 campuses, 2 running1,215 MW
When finished: about 2,970 MW for the computers. Indiana data centers
Anthropic-Amazon New Carlisle
OperatingFor the computers now: 1,037 MW (whole site 1,244 MW)Expected full size Mar 2028: 1,925 MW for the computers
Used by Anthropic
New Carlisle, Indiana · Owner: Amazon · Project Rainier
Campus details
For each 1 MW of computers, the whole site is built for 1.2 MW.
Building cost so far: about $39.3 billion.
Epoch AI's note, Oct 2026:
Buildings 17-18 are operational.
Meta Jeffersonville
OperatingFor the computers now: 178 MW (whole site 241 MW)
Used by Meta
Jeffersonville, Indiana · Owner: Meta
Campus details
For each 1 MW of computers, the whole site is built for 1.4 MW.
Building cost so far: about $6.7 billion.
Epoch AI's note, Jun 2026:
Building 1 and 2 are operational.
Google Fort Wayne
Not yet operatingExpected full size Jun 2028: 863 MW for the computersExpected first online Dec 2026
Fort Wayne, Indiana · Owner: Google
Campus details
For each 1 MW of computers, the whole site is built for 1.2 MW.
Investors: Google.
Google DeepMind is a possible user.
Epoch AI's note, Aug 2026:
Building 2 has all cooling towers installed and is likely undergoing fit-out and commissioning.
Virginia7 campuses, 7 running1,044 MW
When finished: about 1,430 MW for the computers. Virginia data centers
Google Bristow
OperatingFor the computers now: 238 MW (whole site 286 MW)
Linton Hall, Virginia · Owner: Google
Campus details
For each 1 MW of computers, the whole site is built for 1.2 MW.
Building cost so far: about $9.0 billion.
Epoch AI's note, May 2026:
Building 3 is operational, based off of colored motion artifacts from cooling towers.
QTS Richmond 1
OperatingFor the computers now: 238 MW (whole site 333 MW)
Henrico County, Virginia · Owner: not listed by Epoch AI
Campus details
For each 1 MW of computers, the whole site is built for 1.4 MW.
Building cost so far: about $9.0 billion.
Energy: Dominion Energy.
Epoch AI's note, Feb 2026:
No changes to the site since December 2025.
QTS Richmond 2
OperatingFor the computers now: 180 MW (whole site 252 MW)
Henrico County, Virginia · Owner: not listed by Epoch AI
Campus details
For each 1 MW of computers, the whole site is built for 1.4 MW.
Building cost so far: about $6.8 billion.
Energy: Dominion Energy.
Epoch AI's note, May 2026:
Building 5 is estimated to be operational, based on the previous entry.
QTS Richmond 3
OperatingFor the computers now: 144 MW (whole site 202 MW)Expected full size Feb 2027: 240 MW for the computers
Henrico County, Virginia · Owner: not listed by Epoch AI
Campus details
For each 1 MW of computers, the whole site is built for 1.4 MW.
Building cost so far: about $5.5 billion.
Energy: Dominion Energy.
Epoch AI's note, May 2026:
Building 2 and 3 are operational, based on the previous entry.
STACK Infrastructure NVA02
OperatingFor the computers now: 85 MW (whole site 118 MW)Expected full size Jan 2028: 348 MW for the computers
Innovation, Virginia · Owner: not listed by Epoch AI
Campus details
For each 1 MW of computers, the whole site is built for 1.4 MW.
Building cost so far: about $3.2 billion.
Epoch AI's note, Feb 2026:
All buildings have begun construction (with groundwork starting for AI building 6), as depicted by satellite imagery.
CoreWeave Chester VA
OperatingFor the computers now: 82 MW (whole site 114 MW)Expected full size Jun 2027: 113 MW for the computers
Chester, Virginia · Owner: CoreWeave
Campus details
For each 1 MW of computers, the whole site is built for 1.4 MW.
Building cost so far: about $3.1 billion.
OpenAI is a possible user.
Epoch AI's note, May 2026:
Based on satellite imagery, Building 3 has cleared its land and is beginning construction.
Google Arcola
OperatingFor the computers now: 77 MW (whole site 93 MW)
Loudoun County, Virginia · Owner: Google
Campus details
For each 1 MW of computers, the whole site is built for 1.2 MW.
Building cost so far: about $2.9 billion.
Epoch AI's note, Jun 2026:
Building 1 is operational, based off of colored motion artifacts from cooling towers and direct visual verification.
Show all 29 statesShow fewer
Nebraska4 campuses, 4 running695 MW
When finished: about 1,000 MW for the computers. Nebraska data centers
Google Omaha
OperatingFor the computers now: 237 MW (whole site 284 MW)Expected full size Jul 2028: 395 MW for the computers
Omaha, Nebraska · Owner: Google
Campus details
For each 1 MW of computers, the whole site is built for 1.2 MW.
Building cost so far: about $9.0 billion.
Google DeepMind is a possible user.
Epoch AI's note, Jun 2026:
Building 3 is operational (estimate).
Google Papillion
OperatingFor the computers now: 237 MW (whole site 284 MW)
Nebraska · Owner: Google
Campus details
For each 1 MW of computers, the whole site is built for 1.2 MW.
Building cost so far: about $9.0 billion.
Investors: Google.
Google DeepMind is a possible user.
Epoch AI's note, May 2026:
Building 4 shell mostly complete, Building 5 steel framing is underway.
Google Lincoln
OperatingFor the computers now: 141 MW (whole site 170 MW)Expected full size Oct 2027: 283 MW for the computers
Lancaster County, Nebraska · Owner: Google
Campus details
For each 1 MW of computers, the whole site is built for 1.2 MW.
Building cost so far: about $5.3 billion.
Epoch AI's note, May 2026:
Building 1 operational.
Meta Sarpy
OperatingFor the computers now: 80 MW (whole site 105 MW)
Used by Meta
Sarpy County, Nebraska · Owner: Meta
Campus details
For each 1 MW of computers, the whole site is built for 1.3 MW.
Building cost so far: about $3.0 billion.
Epoch AI's note, Aug 2026:
Building 1 is operational (estimate).
Georgia3 campuses, 3 running681 MW
When finished: about 680 MW for the computers. Georgia data centers
Microsoft Fairwater Atlanta
OperatingFor the computers now: 636 MW (whole site 859 MW)
Used by OpenAI (likely) Microsoft (likely)
Fayetteville, Georgia · Owner: Microsoft · Project: Microsoft AI WAN
Campus details
For each 1 MW of computers, the whole site is built for 1.4 MW.
Building cost so far: about $24.1 billion.
Energy: Georgia Power.
Epoch AI's note, Jun 2026:
Building 3 and 4 are operational.
CoreWeave Dalton 1 & 2
OperatingFor the computers now: 28 MW (whole site 40 MW)
Dalton, Georgia · Owner: CoreWeave
Campus details
For each 1 MW of computers, the whole site is built for 1.4 MW.
Building cost so far: about $1.1 billion.
OpenAI is a possible user.
Epoch AI's note, Feb 2026:
Building 1 is operational, given it was announced completed 4 months ago and looks completed in satellite imagery.
xAI QTS Atlanta
OperatingFor the computers now: 17 MW (whole site 24 MW)
Used by SpaceXAI
Atlanta, Georgia · Owner: SpaceXAI
Campus details
For each 1 MW of computers, the whole site is built for 1.4 MW.
Building cost so far: about $0.7 billion.
Epoch AI's note, Jul 2026:
No significant change to the building since the August 2025 image.
Mississippi2 campuses, 2 running512 MW
When finished: about 1,520 MW for the computers.
Amazon Madison Mega Site
OperatingFor the computers now: 284 MW (whole site 341 MW)Expected full size Mar 2028: 683 MW for the computers
Madison County, Mississippi · Owner: Amazon
Campus details
For each 1 MW of computers, the whole site is built for 1.2 MW.
Building cost so far: about $10.8 billion.
Anthropic is a possible user.
Epoch AI lists this campus as possibly part of Project Rainier.
Epoch AI's note, Jun 2026:
Buildings 6 and 7 roof completed.
Amazon Ridgeland
OperatingFor the computers now: 228 MW (whole site 273 MW)Expected full size Sep 2028: 840 MW for the computers
Ridgeland, Mississippi · Owner: Amazon
Campus details
For each 1 MW of computers, the whole site is built for 1.2 MW.
Building cost so far: about $8.6 billion.
Energy: Entergy.
Anthropic is a possible user.
Epoch AI lists this campus as possibly part of Project Rainier.
Epoch AI's note, May 2026:
Buildings 1-4 are operational, based on the buildings shells and backup generators and most of the landscaping looking complete.
Arizona3 campuses, 3 running449 MW
When finished: about 610 MW for the computers. Arizona data centers
Microsoft Goodyear
OperatingFor the computers now: 202 MW (whole site 263 MW)
Used by OpenAI (likely) Microsoft
Maricopa County, Arizona · Owner: Microsoft
Campus details
For each 1 MW of computers, the whole site is built for 1.3 MW.
Building cost so far: about $7.7 billion.
Epoch AI's note, Apr 2026:
Foundations appear to be underway for Building 5 and 6, just north of Building 4.
Google Mesa
OperatingFor the computers now: 183 MW (whole site 237 MW)
Arizona · Owner: Google
Campus details
For each 1 MW of computers, the whole site is built for 1.3 MW.
Building cost so far: about $6.9 billion.
Epoch AI's note, Aug 2026:
Building 2 is operational.
Stream Phoenix
OperatingFor the computers now: 64 MW (whole site 77 MW)Expected full size Jan 2030: 220 MW for the computers
Goodyear, Arizona · Owner: not listed by Epoch AI
Campus details
For each 1 MW of computers, the whole site is built for 1.2 MW.
Building cost so far: about $2.4 billion.
Epoch AI's note, May 2026:
Estimated: AI building 1 should be operational.
Iowa4 campuses, 2 running427 MW
When finished: about 1,820 MW for the computers. Iowa data centers
Google Council Bluffs (East)
OperatingFor the computers now: 237 MW (whole site 284 MW)
Council Bluffs, Iowa · Owner: Google
Campus details
For each 1 MW of computers, the whole site is built for 1.2 MW.
Building cost so far: about $9.0 billion.
Google DeepMind is a possible user.
Epoch AI's note, Jul 2026:
Building 3 is operational.
Microsoft Project Osmium
OperatingFor the computers now: 190 MW (whole site 228 MW)
Cumming, Iowa · Owner: Microsoft
Campus details
For each 1 MW of computers, the whole site is built for 1.2 MW.
Building cost so far: about $7.2 billion.
OpenAI is a possible user.
Epoch AI's note, Jun 2026:
No notable changes since October.
QTS Cedar Rapids
Not yet operatingExpected full size Nov 2027: 1,133 MW for the computersExpected first online Dec 2026
Cedar Rapids, Iowa · Owner: not confirmed
Campus details
For each 1 MW of computers, the whole site is built for 1.4 MW.
Energy: Alliant Energy.
Meta is a possible user.
Epoch AI's note, Oct 2026:
Buildings 1–3 look externally complete, with the air-cooled chillers fully installed, and surrounding yard work cleared.
Google Cedar Rapids
Not yet operatingExpected full size May 2027: 261 MW for the computersExpected first online Dec 2026
Cedar Rapids, Iowa · Owner: Google
Campus details
For each 1 MW of computers, the whole site is built for 1.2 MW.
Google DeepMind is a possible user.
Epoch AI's note, Apr 2026:
Building 1's generators are still only about halfway in place, and ~1/2 the cooling towers are still under construction.
Wisconsin2 campuses, 1 running369 MW
When finished: about 3,170 MW for the computers. Wisconsin data centers
Microsoft Fairwater Wisconsin
OperatingFor the computers now: 369 MW (whole site 442 MW)Expected full size May 2028: 2,263 MW for the computers
Used by OpenAI (likely) Microsoft (likely)
Mount Pleasant, Wisconsin · Owner: Microsoft · Project: Microsoft AI WAN
Campus details
For each 1 MW of computers, the whole site is built for 1.2 MW.
Building cost so far: about $14.0 billion.
Energy: WE Energies.
Epoch AI's note, May 2026:
The main shell of Building 2 looks almost completed.
OpenAI Stargate Wisconsin
Not yet operatingExpected full size Dec 2028: 902 MW for the computersExpected first online Dec 2028
Used by OpenAI
Ozaukee County, Wisconsin · Owner: Oracle · Project: Stargate
Campus details
For each 1 MW of computers, the whole site is built for 1.4 MW.
Epoch AI's note, Jul 2026:
Construction continues, Buildings 1 and 2 appear roughly halfway roofed, and building 3 foundation is halfway done.
Oklahoma2 campuses, 1 running368 MW
When finished: about 520 MW for the computers. Oklahoma data centers
Google Pryor (North)
OperatingFor the computers now: 368 MW (whole site 442 MW)
Mayes County, Oklahoma · Owner: Google
Campus details
For each 1 MW of computers, the whole site is built for 1.2 MW.
Building cost so far: about $13.9 billion.
Google DeepMind is a possible user.
Epoch AI's note, Sep 2026:
Building 2 is operational, confirmed via RAAD drone imagery of spinning cooling tower fans on September 8th.
CoreWeave Muskogee OK
Not yet operatingExpected full size Dec 2027: 153 MW for the computersExpected first online Dec 2026
Muskogee County, Oklahoma · Owner: CoreWeave
Campus details
For each 1 MW of computers, the whole site is built for 1.2 MW.
OpenAI is a possible user.
Epoch AI's note, Jun 2026:
Based on satellite imagery, Building 1 has completed construction, with adjacent land cleared for what we're assuming will have power substations/generators.
Oregon2 campuses, 2 running334 MW
When finished: about 330 MW for the computers. Oregon data centers
Meta-QTS Hillsboro 2
OperatingFor the computers now: 180 MW (whole site 243 MW)
Used by Meta (likely)
Hillsboro, Oregon · Owner: not confirmed
Campus details
For each 1 MW of computers, the whole site is built for 1.4 MW.
Building cost so far: about $6.8 billion.
Energy: Avangrid, Portland General Electric.
Epoch AI's note, Apr 2026:
All four buildings are operational.
Google The Dalles
OperatingFor the computers now: 154 MW (whole site 185 MW)
The Dalles, Oregon · Owner: Google
Campus details
For each 1 MW of computers, the whole site is built for 1.2 MW.
Building cost so far: about $5.8 billion.
Epoch AI's note, Apr 2026:
Building 2 is estimated to be operational, based on all external equipment being installed, and ordinary cars parked by the building.
Alabama2 campuses, 2 running299 MW
When finished: about 500 MW for the computers. Alabama data centers
Meta Montgomery
OperatingFor the computers now: 153 MW (whole site 199 MW)Expected full size Feb 2027: 358 MW for the computers
Used by Meta
Montgomery County, Alabama · Owner: Meta
Campus details
For each 1 MW of computers, the whole site is built for 1.3 MW.
Building cost so far: about $5.8 billion.
Built by: Hensel Phelps.
Epoch AI's note, Jun 2026:
We estimate Buildings 1 and 2 are operational.
Meta Huntsville
OperatingFor the computers now: 146 MW (whole site 198 MW)
Used by Meta
Toney, Alabama · Owner: Meta
Campus details
For each 1 MW of computers, the whole site is built for 1.4 MW.
Building cost so far: about $5.5 billion.
Energy: First Solar, NextEra Energy Resources, Tennessee Valley Authority.
Epoch AI's note, Jun 2026:
We estimate Building 2 becomes operational due to being 120 days after final phases of construction, 9 months since roof and cooling were done, and similar Meta data centers construction timelines.
New York2 campuses, 2 running268 MW
When finished: about 440 MW for the computers. New York data centers
Anthropic Lake Mariner
OperatingFor the computers now: 210 MW (whole site 245 MW)Expected full size Mar 2027: 378 MW for the computers
Used by Anthropic (likely)
Barker, New York · Owner: AI XPV Platform
Campus details
For each 1 MW of computers, the whole site is built for 1.2 MW.
Building cost so far: about $8.0 billion.
Investors: Blackstone, Google.
Epoch AI's note, Oct 2026:
Building 2 (AKA CB4) is operational.
Core42 Lake Mariner
OperatingFor the computers now: 58 MW
Used by G42 (likely)
Barker, New York · Owner: Core42
Campus details
For each 1 MW of computers, the whole site is built for 1.0 MW.
Building cost so far: about $2.2 billion.
Investors: Google.
Epoch AI's note, Jul 2026:
Both buildings still operational according to satellite imagery.
Minnesota1 campus, 1 running178 MW
When finished: about 180 MW for the computers. Minnesota data centers
Meta Rosemount
OperatingFor the computers now: 178 MW (whole site 241 MW)
Used by Meta
Dakota County, Minnesota · Owner: Meta
Campus details
For each 1 MW of computers, the whole site is built for 1.4 MW.
Building cost so far: about $6.7 billion.
Epoch AI's note, Jun 2026:
Buildings 1 and 2 are estimated to be operational.
Nevada1 campus, 1 running161 MW
When finished: about 300 MW for the computers. Nevada data centers
Google Storey County
OperatingFor the computers now: 161 MW (whole site 214 MW)Expected full size Jun 2027: 300 MW for the computers
Nevada · Owner: Google
Campus details
For each 1 MW of computers, the whole site is built for 1.3 MW.
Building cost so far: about $6.1 billion.
Google DeepMind is a possible user.
Epoch AI's note, Apr 2026:
Building 3 has a partially complete shell, electrical and mechanical equipment.
Wyoming1 campus, 1 running152 MW
When finished: about 210 MW for the computers. Wyoming data centers
Meta Cheyenne
OperatingFor the computers now: 152 MW (whole site 182 MW)Expected full size Feb 2027: 207 MW for the computers
Used by Meta
Laramie County, Wyoming · Owner: Meta
Campus details
For each 1 MW of computers, the whole site is built for 1.2 MW.
Building cost so far: about $5.8 billion.
Epoch AI's note, Jul 2026:
Both buildings estimated to be operational.
Idaho1 campus, 1 running152 MW
When finished: about 150 MW for the computers.
Meta Kuna
OperatingFor the computers now: 152 MW (whole site 198 MW)
Used by Meta
Kuna, Idaho · Owner: Meta
Campus details
For each 1 MW of computers, the whole site is built for 1.3 MW.
Building cost so far: about $5.8 billion.
Energy: Idaho Power Company.
Epoch AI's note, Jun 2026:
Building 1 and 2 are operational.
Utah2 campuses, 1 running133 MW
When finished: about 440 MW for the computers. Utah data centers
Meta Eagle Mountain
OperatingFor the computers now: 133 MW (whole site 179 MW)
Used by Meta
Utah County, Utah · Owner: Meta
Campus details
For each 1 MW of computers, the whole site is built for 1.3 MW.
Building cost so far: about $5.0 billion.
Built by: Mortenson.
Energy: Williams.
Epoch AI's note, May 2026:
Satellite image shows strong evidence that Buildings 1 and 2 are operational: colored motion artifacts on many cooling fans, plus cars parked at the building entrances.
QTS Eagle Mountain
Not yet operatingExpected full size Jul 2027: 304 MW for the computersExpected first online Dec 2026
Utah County, Utah · Owner: not confirmed
Campus details
For each 1 MW of computers, the whole site is built for 1.4 MW.
Meta is a possible user.
Epoch AI's note, May 2026:
Building 1 roof finished.
South Carolina1 campus, 1 running129 MW
When finished: about 130 MW for the computers. South Carolina data centers
Meta Aiken
OperatingFor the computers now: 129 MW (whole site 168 MW)
Used by Meta
Trenton, South Carolina · Owner: Meta
Campus details
For each 1 MW of computers, the whole site is built for 1.3 MW.
Building cost so far: about $4.9 billion.
Epoch AI's note, Nov 2026:
Building 2 is operational assuming a 3 month lag compared to Building 1.
New Mexico2 campuses, 1 running118 MW
When finished: about 1,970 MW for the computers. New Mexico data centers
Meta Los Lunas
OperatingFor the computers now: 118 MW (whole site 147 MW)Expected full size Jan 2028: 218 MW for the computers
Used by Meta
Valencia County, New Mexico · Owner: Meta
Campus details
For each 1 MW of computers, the whole site is built for 1.2 MW.
Building cost so far: about $4.5 billion.
Epoch AI's note, Oct 2026:
Building 2 (a tent like building) is operational.
OpenAI Stargate New Mexico
Not yet operatingExpected full size Dec 2028: 1,750 MW for the computersExpected first online Dec 2028
Used by OpenAI
Doña Ana County, New Mexico · Owner: Oracle · Project: Stargate
Campus details
For each 1 MW of computers, the whole site is built for 1.4 MW.
Energy: Bloom Energy.
Epoch AI's note, Jun 2026:
Construction has advanced significantly since February 2026.
Pennsylvania2 campuses, 1 running108 MW
When finished: about 260 MW for the computers. Pennsylvania data centers
AWS Berwick
OperatingFor the computers now: 108 MW (whole site 139 MW)Expected full size Aug 2027: 169 MW for the computers
Berwick, Pennsylvania · Owner: Amazon
Campus details
For each 1 MW of computers, the whole site is built for 1.3 MW.
Building cost so far: about $4.1 billion.
Anthropic is a possible user.
Epoch AI lists this campus as possibly part of Project Rainier.
Epoch AI's note, Aug 2026:
Building 3 expected to come online sometime around August 2026, since in the May satellite image it appeared structurally complete with minimal construction surrounding it.
CoreWeave Lancaster Greenfield site
Not yet operatingExpected full size Jun 2027: 92 MW for the computersExpected first online Jun 2027
Lancaster, Pennsylvania · Owner: CoreWeave
Campus details
For each 1 MW of computers, the whole site is built for 1.3 MW.
Investors: Blue Owl Capital.
OpenAI is a possible user.
Epoch AI's note, Jul 2026:
Cooling install continues on the roof, satellite imagery indicates that not all units have been completed.
Missouri1 campus, 1 running105 MW
When finished: about 110 MW for the computers. Missouri data centers
Google Kansas City East
OperatingFor the computers now: 105 MW (whole site 126 MW)
Missouri · Owner: Google
Campus details
For each 1 MW of computers, the whole site is built for 1.2 MW.
Building cost so far: about $4.0 billion.
Epoch AI's note, Aug 2026:
Building 1 operational.
North Dakota1 campus, 1 running68 MW
When finished: about 400 MW for the computers. North Dakota data centers
CoreWeave Ellendale ND
OperatingFor the computers now: 68 MW (whole site 88 MW)Expected full size Jun 2027: 400 MW for the computers
Ellendale, North Dakota · Owner: CoreWeave
Campus details
For each 1 MW of computers, the whole site is built for 1.3 MW.
Building cost so far: about $2.6 billion.
OpenAI is a possible user.
Epoch AI's note, Jun 2026:
According to satellite imagery, Building 2 is fully roofed and shell complete, with rooftop chillers mostly installed.
North Carolina1 campus, 1 running65 MW
When finished: about 70 MW for the computers. North Carolina data centers
CoreWeave Marble NC
OperatingFor the computers now: 65 MW (whole site 91 MW)
Marble, North Carolina · Owner: CoreWeave
Campus details
For each 1 MW of computers, the whole site is built for 1.4 MW.
Building cost so far: about $2.5 billion.
OpenAI is a possible user.
Epoch AI's note, May 2026:
Core Scientific said Marble was fully handed over to CoreWeave with about 65 MW of billable customer power online.
New Jersey1 campus, 1 running50 MW
When finished: about 50 MW for the computers. New Jersey data centers
Microsoft-Nebius New Jersey
OperatingFor the computers now: 50 MW (whole site 70 MW)
Used by Microsoft (likely)
Vineland, New Jersey · Owner: Nebius
Campus details
For each 1 MW of computers, the whole site is built for 1.4 MW.
Building cost so far: about $1.9 billion.
Epoch AI's note, Jul 2026:
Compared with the April 2026 image, the building shell is closer to completion, and several additional air-cooled chillers have appeared on the ground, though they do not yet appear to be connected or operating.
Louisiana1 campus, none running yet–
When finished: about 1,630 MW for the computers.
Meta Hyperion
Not yet operatingExpected full size Jan 2028: 1,632 MW for the computersExpected first online Jan 2028
Used by Meta
Richland Parish, Louisiana · Owner: Meta · Project: Hyperion
Campus details
For each 1 MW of computers, the whole site is built for 1.3 MW.
Built by: Mortenson.
Energy: Entergy.
Epoch AI's note, Apr 2026:
Building 1 and 2 roof is finished and cooling is at an advanced stage of installation.
Michigan1 campus, none running yet–
When finished: about 990 MW for the computers. Michigan data centers
OpenAI Stargate Michigan
Not yet operatingExpected full size Dec 2028: 988 MW for the computersExpected first online Dec 2028
Used by OpenAI
Washtenaw County, Michigan · Owner: Oracle · Project: Stargate
Campus details
For each 1 MW of computers, the whole site is built for 1.4 MW.
Epoch AI's note, Mar 2026:
Groundwork is visible for Building 1, at the left end of the site.
Bars show the power for the computers running now. Open a state to see its campuses.
Table
| State | Campuses | Running | Not yet operating | Running now, MW | When finished, MW |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Texas | 14 | 9 | 5 | 1,730 | 6,461 |
| Ohio | 7 | 5 | 2 | 1,457 | 2,852 |
| Tennessee | 3 | 3 | – | 1,373 | 1,958 |
| Indiana | 3 | 2 | 1 | 1,215 | 2,966 |
| Virginia | 7 | 7 | – | 1,044 | 1,434 |
| Nebraska | 4 | 4 | – | 695 | 995 |
| Georgia | 3 | 3 | – | 681 | 681 |
| Mississippi | 2 | 2 | – | 512 | 1,523 |
| Arizona | 3 | 3 | – | 449 | 605 |
| Iowa | 4 | 2 | 2 | 427 | 1,821 |
| Wisconsin | 2 | 1 | 1 | 369 | 3,165 |
| Oklahoma | 2 | 1 | 1 | 368 | 521 |
| Oregon | 2 | 2 | – | 334 | 334 |
| Alabama | 2 | 2 | – | 299 | 504 |
| New York | 2 | 2 | – | 268 | 436 |
| Minnesota | 1 | 1 | – | 178 | 178 |
| Nevada | 1 | 1 | – | 161 | 300 |
| Wyoming | 1 | 1 | – | 152 | 207 |
| Idaho | 1 | 1 | – | 152 | 152 |
| Utah | 2 | 1 | 1 | 133 | 437 |
| South Carolina | 1 | 1 | – | 129 | 129 |
| New Mexico | 2 | 1 | 1 | 118 | 1,968 |
| Pennsylvania | 2 | 1 | 1 | 108 | 261 |
| Missouri | 1 | 1 | – | 105 | 105 |
| North Dakota | 1 | 1 | – | 68 | 400 |
| North Carolina | 1 | 1 | – | 65 | 65 |
| New Jersey | 1 | 1 | – | 50 | 50 |
| Louisiana | 1 | – | 1 | – | 1,632 |
| Michigan | 1 | – | 1 | – | 988 |
How much AI computer power comes online each year?
How to read this chart
Solid: power already running. Outlined: power expected, at sites running now or still being built.
Each bar is what each site's dated timeline adds that year.
New AI computer power each year: 1,500 MW in 2024, 3,900 MW in 2025 and 6,900 MW so far in 2026. About 12,000 MW is expected in 2028.
RunningExpected
Megawatts (MW) added each year in the US. Later years fill in as building starts: a site joins the list once work begins.
Table
| Year | Already running, MW | More at running sites, MW | At new sites, MW | Added, MW |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2024 | 1,471 | – | – | 1,471 |
| 2025 | 3,925 | – | – | 3,925 |
| 2026 | 6,904 | 302 | 1,149 | 8,355 |
| 2027 | – | 2,734 | 3,994 | 6,728 |
| 2028 | – | 4,308 | 7,713 | 12,021 |
How fast are AI data centers arriving?
How to read this chart
Each bar counts campuses by the year their computers started running. Striped bars are campuses expected to start later.
41 of these 60 running campuses started in 2025 or 2026. 17 more are expected to start by 2028.
RunningExpected to start
Tap a year to see its campuses.
Table
| Year | Running | Expected to start |
|---|---|---|
| to 2022 | 1 | 0 |
| 2023 | 4 | 0 |
| 2024 | 14 | 0 |
| 2025 | 17 | 0 |
| 2026 | 24 | 6 |
| 2027 | 0 | 6 |
| 2028 | 0 | 5 |
Later years fill in as building starts: a site joins the list once work begins.
54 of these 76 running campuses started in 2025 or 2026. 20 more are expected to start by 2028.
RunningExpected to start
Tap a year to see its campuses.
Table
| Year | Running | Expected to start |
|---|---|---|
| to 2022 | 2 | 0 |
| 2023 | 4 | 0 |
| 2024 | 16 | 0 |
| 2025 | 25 | 0 |
| 2026 | 29 | 8 |
| 2027 | 0 | 7 |
| 2028 | 0 | 5 |
Later years fill in as building starts: a site joins the list once work begins.
More about AI data centersWhat they are, the campuses outside the US, and common questions
What is an AI data center?
An AI data center is a campus built mainly to train or run AI models, by Epoch AI's definition. Its list starts with the campuses that have the most computing power. A planned campus joins once building begins. Size here is IT power: the capacity for the computers, not the whole site.
Worldwide, data centers used about 415 TWh of electricity in 2024. That is about 1.5% of all the power used. The IEA, a global energy group, expects about 945 TWh by 2030. In the US, data centers used about 4.7% of the power in 2024. A US lab, LBNL, expects 9.5% to 15.3% by 2030.
US data centers by state · Virginia data centers · Texas data centers
Where are AI data centers outside the US?
19 campuses are in 11 other countries. China has the most: 5. Malaysia has the most computer power running: 1,251 MW.
Malaysia4 campuses, 4 running1,251 MW
DayOne Nusajaya
OperatingFor the computers now: 473 MW (whole site 662 MW)
Malaysia · Owner: not listed by Epoch AI
Campus details
For each 1 MW of computers, the whole site is built for 1.4 MW.
Building cost so far: about $17.9 billion.
Epoch AI's note, Oct 2026:
Buildings 7-10 are operational.
DayOne Kempas
OperatingFor the computers now: 422 MW (whole site 590 MW)
Malaysia · Owner: not listed by Epoch AI
Campus details
For each 1 MW of computers, the whole site is built for 1.4 MW.
Building cost so far: about $16.0 billion.
Epoch AI's note, Oct 2026:
Buildings 7-8 assumed operational.
Bridge Data Centres MY06
OperatingFor the computers now: 243 MW (whole site 315 MW)
Used by ByteDance (likely)
Malaysia · Owner: not confirmed
Campus details
For each 1 MW of computers, the whole site is built for 1.3 MW.
Building cost so far: about $9.2 billion.
Epoch AI's note, Sep 2026:
No visible construction work on Buildings 8-10, but no cars in their carparks either (whereas Building 7 has many cars).
YTL Johor
OperatingFor the computers now: 113 MW (whole site 155 MW)Expected full size Aug 2028: 284 MW for the computers
Malaysia · Owner: not listed by Epoch AI
Campus details
For each 1 MW of computers, the whole site is built for 1.4 MW.
Building cost so far: about $4.3 billion.
Epoch AI's note, Jul 2026:
Satellite imagery confirms Buildings 1 and 2 are structurally complete.
China5 campuses, 5 running875 MW
VNET Bayin Ulanqab
OperatingFor the computers now: 221 MW (whole site 252 MW)Expected full size Sep 2027: 700 MW for the computers
China · Owner: not confirmed · Project: 10 GW Hyperscale 2.0
Campus details
For each 1 MW of computers, the whole site is built for 1.1 MW.
Building cost so far: about $8.4 billion.
ByteDance is a possible user.
Epoch AI's note, May 2026:
Satellite imagery shows building 9 has completed all its chillers, with only its roof remaining.
Huawei Wuhu
OperatingFor the computers now: 197 MW (whole site 256 MW)Expected full size Dec 2027: 453 MW for the computers
China · Owner: Huawei
Campus details
For each 1 MW of computers, the whole site is built for 1.3 MW.
Building cost so far: about $7.5 billion.
Epoch AI's note, Nov 2026:
Five buildings are operational.
Huawei Horinger
OperatingFor the computers now: 170 MW (whole site 212 MW)Expected full size Feb 2028: 351.1 MW for the computers
China · Owner: Huawei
Campus details
For each 1 MW of computers, the whole site is built for 1.3 MW.
Building cost so far: about $6.4 billion.
Epoch AI's note, Aug 2026:
In the South Zone, Building 5 is operational, based on its structural completion, and the colored motion artifacts on the some of the cooling tower fans.
Alibaba Zhangbei
OperatingFor the computers now: 169 MW (whole site 203 MW)
Used by Alibaba (likely)
China · Owner: Alibaba
Campus details
For each 1 MW of computers, the whole site is built for 1.2 MW.
Building cost so far: about $6.4 billion.
Epoch AI's note, Jan 2026:
Expect Building 4-6 have finished upgrading with new chillers.
Envision Galaxy Ulanqab
OperatingFor the computers now: 118 MW (whole site 153 MW)Expected full size Dec 2027: 470 MW for the computers
China · Owner: not listed by Epoch AI
Campus details
For each 1 MW of computers, the whole site is built for 1.3 MW.
Building cost so far: about $4.5 billion.
United Kingdom1 campus, 1 running88 MW
Google Waltham Cross
OperatingFor the computers now: 88 MW (whole site 124 MW)
United Kingdom · Owner: Google
Campus details
For each 1 MW of computers, the whole site is built for 1.4 MW.
Building cost so far: about $3.3 billion.
Energy: Engie, Shell Energy Europe.
Google DeepMind is a possible user.
Epoch AI's note, Apr 2026:
Full buildout reconfirmed via high-resolution Pléiades-Neo satellite image; no capacity change since September 2025.
Finland1 campus, 1 running75 MW
Nebius Mantsala
OperatingFor the computers now: 75 MW (whole site 90 MW)Expected full size Dec 2027: 145 MW for the computers
Finland · Owner: Nebius
Campus details
For each 1 MW of computers, the whole site is built for 1.2 MW.
Building cost so far: about $2.8 billion.
Microsoft is a possible user.
Epoch AI's note, Jun 2026:
All three buildings in the first phase are operational.
Indonesia1 campus, 1 running72 MW
Oracle Batam
OperatingFor the computers now: 72 MW (whole site 94 MW)
Indonesia · Owner: not confirmed
Campus details
For each 1 MW of computers, the whole site is built for 1.3 MW.
Building cost so far: about $2.7 billion.
Tencent is a possible user.
Epoch AI's note, May 2026:
The three buildings look unchanged since March.
Show all 11 countriesShow fewer
Norway2 campuses, 1 running42 MW
CoreWeave Norway
OperatingFor the computers now: 42 MW (whole site 55 MW)
Norway · Owner: CoreWeave
Campus details
For each 1 MW of computers, the whole site is built for 1.3 MW.
Building cost so far: about $1.6 billion.
OpenAI is a possible user.
Epoch AI's note, Aug 2026:
Building 1 still operational.
Microsoft Narvik Norway
Not yet operatingExpected full size Dec 2026: 92 MW for the computersExpected first online Dec 2026
Used by Microsoft (likely)
Norway · Owner: not confirmed
Campus details
For each 1 MW of computers, the whole site is built for 1.3 MW.
Investors: Aker ASA.
Epoch AI's note, Jul 2026:
Building 1 cooling looks complete.
Australia1 campus, 1 running41 MW
Southgate Melbourne
OperatingFor the computers now: 41 MW (whole site 57 MW)
Australia · Owner: Firmus
Campus details
For each 1 MW of computers, the whole site is built for 1.4 MW.
Building cost so far: about $1.6 billion.
Epoch AI's note, Aug 2026:
Building 1 is operational (estimate).
Portugal1 campus, 1 running33 MW
Start Campus Sines Data Campus
OperatingFor the computers now: 33 MW (whole site 40 MW)Expected full size Sep 2027: 233 MW for the computers
Used by Microsoft
Portugal · Owner: Nscale
Campus details
For each 1 MW of computers, the whole site is built for 1.2 MW.
Building cost so far: about $1.3 billion.
Epoch AI's note, Aug 2026:
Satellite imagery shows two black outlines, suggesting two buildings going up on a second adjacent site.
Iceland1 campus, 1 running5 MW
Nscale Keflavik
OperatingFor the computers now: 5 MW (whole site 7 MW)Expected full size Dec 2026: 10.21 MW for the computers
Iceland · Owner: Nscale
Campus details
For each 1 MW of computers, the whole site is built for 1.3 MW.
Building cost so far: about $0.2 billion.
Epoch AI's note, Jul 2026:
Building 1 is operational (estimate).
Sweden1 campus, none running yet–
EcoDataCenter 2
Not yet operatingExpected full size Jun 2028: 48 MW for the computersExpected first online Jun 2027
Used by Mistral AI
Sweden · Owner: Mistral AI
Campus details
For each 1 MW of computers, the whole site is built for 1.4 MW.
Epoch AI's note, Aug 2026:
Buildings 1 and 2 look fully roofed, with active construction showing cooling and power equipment still being installed.
United Arab Emirates1 campus, none running yet–
OpenAI Stargate UAE
Not yet operatingExpected full size Jan 2028: 1,000 MW for the computersExpected first online Dec 2026
Used by OpenAI
United Arab Emirates · Owner: not confirmed · Project: Stargate
Campus details
For each 1 MW of computers, the whole site is built for 1.4 MW.
Investors: Cisco, G42, NVIDIA, Oracle, Softbank.
Epoch AI's note, Nov 2025:
Building 1 and 2 are partly constructed.
Table
| Country | Campuses | Operating | For the computers now, MW |
|---|---|---|---|
| China | 5 | 5 | 875 |
| Malaysia | 4 | 4 | 1,251 |
| Norway | 2 | 1 | 42 |
| United Kingdom | 1 | 1 | 88 |
| Finland | 1 | 1 | 75 |
| Indonesia | 1 | 1 | 72 |
| Australia | 1 | 1 | 41 |
| Portugal | 1 | 1 | 33 |
| Iceland | 1 | 1 | 5 |
| Sweden | 1 | – | – |
| United Arab Emirates | 1 | – | – |
Questions about AI data centers in the US
What is an AI data center?
An AI data center is a campus built mainly to train or run AI models. That is how Epoch AI, a research group, defines it. We list 96 such campuses around the world. Size here means what the computers are built for, not the whole site.
Which state has the most AI data centers?
Texas has the most, with 14 of the 77 US campuses. Of those, 9 are operating and 5 are not yet operating. Ohio (7) and Virginia (7) come next.
Who builds AI data centers in the US?
The owners with the most US campuses are Google (18), Meta (15), CoreWeave (8) and Microsoft (7). We know the owner of 67 of the 77 US campuses. The firms that build them are led by Mortenson (3), named in each campus's details.
Are there any AI data centers near me?
There are large AI campuses in 29 states. The state list shows each one by state, with its town, owner and size. California, Florida, Illinois and Washington have none on the list yet.
What is the largest AI data center in the US?
Anthropic-Amazon New Carlisle has the most power for its computers today: 1,037 MW. It is in New Carlisle, Indiana. Microsoft Fairwater Wisconsin has the most planned: 2,263 MW at full size, by May 2028.
Who has the biggest data center in America?
Google has the most power for the computers running now: 3,091 MW across 18 US campuses. The one campus with the most is Anthropic-Amazon New Carlisle, owned by Amazon.
Are there any AI data centers built yet?
Yes. 60 of the 77 US campuses are operating. The other 17 are not yet operating. The list of AI data centers not yet operating shows when each one should first come online.
Where is the Stargate project located?
There are 8 Stargate sites: in Texas, Ohio, Michigan, New Mexico, United Arab Emirates and Wisconsin. 1 is operating, in Abilene, Texas. The other 7 are not yet operating. Stargate data centers shows each one, with its size and owner.
Sources and updates
- Epoch AI: "AI data centers", CC BY 4.0, retrieved November 7, 2026; changes noted.
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory: "United States Data Center Energy Usage Report: 2025 Update", June 18, 2026, CC BY 4.0.
- International Energy Agency: "Energy and AI", April 10, 2025.
Campus sources (91)Hide campus sources
- Amazon Madison Mega Site: drive.google.com
- Amazon Ridgeland: drive.google.com
- Anthropic Barber Lake: globenewswire.com
- Anthropic Lake Mariner: investors.terawulf.com
- Anthropic-Amazon New Carlisle: drive.google.com
- AWS Berwick: nytimes.com
- AWS New Albany: newalbanyohio.org
- Bridge Data Centres MY06: bridgedatacentres.com
- Colossus 1: drive.google.com
- Colossus 2: wsj.com
- Core42 Lake Mariner: investors.terawulf.com
- CoreWeave Chester VA: datacenterdynamics.com
- CoreWeave Dalton 1 & 2: corescientific.com
- CoreWeave Denton TX: investors.corescientific.com
- CoreWeave Ellendale ND: ir.applieddigital.com
- Coreweave Helios: investor.galaxy.com
- CoreWeave Lancaster Greenfield site: investors.coreweave.com
- CoreWeave Marble NC: investors.corescientific.com
- CoreWeave Muskogee OK: investors.corescientific.com
- CoreWeave Norway: bulkinfrastructure.com
- Crusoe Abilene Expansion: bloomberg.com
- DayOne Kempas: moomoo.com
- DayOne Nusajaya: moomoo.com
- EcoDataCenter 2: ecodatacenter.tech
- Goodnight: co.armstrong.tx.us
- Google Arcola: bisnow.com
- Google Bristow: sustainability.google
- Google Cedar Rapids: cdn.misoenergy.org
- Google Columbus: datacenterdynamics.com
- Google Council Bluffs (East): programs.iowadnr.gov
- Google Fort Wayne: thelocalfw.com
- Google Kansas City East: huntmidwest.com
- Google Lancaster: datacenterdynamics.com
- Google Lincoln: upload.wikimedia.org
- Google Mesa: datacenterdynamics.com
- Google Midlothian: ecode360.com
- Google New Albany: drive.google.com
- Google Omaha: drive.google.com
- Google Papillion: drive.google.com
- Google Pryor (North): blog.google
- Google Red Oak: mysanantonio.com
- Google Storey County: ndep-onbase.nv.gov
- Google The Dalles: static1.squarespace.com
- Google Waltham Cross: datacenters.google
- Meta Aiken: datacenters.atmeta.com
- Meta Bowling Green: drive.google.com
- Meta Cheyenne: datacenters.atmeta.com
- Meta Eagle Mountain: facebook.com
- Meta Gallatin: datacenters.atmeta.com
- Meta Huntsville: plateauexcavation.com
- Meta Hyperion: datacenters.atmeta.com
- Meta Jeffersonville: datacenters.atmeta.com
- Meta Kuna: datacenters.atmeta.com
- Meta Los Lunas: datacenters.atmeta.com
- Meta Montgomery: datacenters.atmeta.com
- Meta Prometheus: engineering.fb.com
- Meta Rosemount: datacenters.atmeta.com
- Meta Sarpy: datacenters.atmeta.com
- Meta Temple: jedunn.com
- Meta-QTS Hillsboro 2: q.com
- Microsoft Fairwater Atlanta: drive.google.com
- Microsoft Fairwater Wisconsin: blogs.microsoft.com
- Microsoft Goodyear: gis.maricopa.gov
- Microsoft Narvik Norway: nscale.com
- Microsoft Project Osmium: newsletter.semianalysis.com
- Microsoft SAT14: tdlr.texas.gov
- Microsoft SAT40: tdlr.texas.gov
- Microsoft-Nebius New Jersey: nebius.com
- Nebius Mantsala: nebius.com
- Nscale Keflavik: nscale.com
- OpenAI Stargate Abilene: drive.google.com
- OpenAI Stargate Lordstown: datacenterdynamics.com
- OpenAI Stargate Michigan: related-digital.com
- OpenAI Stargate Milam: datacenterdynamics.com
- OpenAI Stargate New Mexico: projectjupitertogether.com
- OpenAI Stargate Shackelford: vantage-dc.com
- OpenAI Stargate UAE: khaleejtimes.com
- OpenAI Stargate Wisconsin: vantage-dc.com
- Oracle Batam: linkedin.com
- QTS Cedar Rapids: cdn.misoenergy.org
- QTS Eagle Mountain: q.com
- QTS Richmond 1: qtsdatacenters.com
- QTS Richmond 2: qtsdatacenters.com
- QTS Richmond 3: q.com
- Southgate Melbourne: firmus.co
- STACK Infrastructure NVA02: stackinfra.com
- Start Campus Sines Data Campus: startcampus.pt
- Stream Phoenix: streamdatacenters.com
- Vantage TX1: tdlr.texas.gov
- xAI QTS Atlanta: developfultoncounty.com
- YTL Johor: ytldatacenters.com
How CamsAhead counts cameras · Report a problem · Report a camera